Introduction to Industrial Pure Water Equipment

Pure water equipment is commonly known by various names, including reverse osmosis pure water equipment, reverse osmosis water purification equipment, reverse osmosis water treatment equipment, water treatment reverse osmosis equipment, deionized water equipment, and reverse osmosis pure water machines.

Working Principle of Reverse Osmosis Pure Water Equipment:

It consists of a raw water pump pressurizing the raw water (inlet water to the equipment) within the raw water tower. The pressurized water then flows through a pre-treatment quartz sand filter → activated carbon filter → security filter of the RO system → RO membrane filtration system. The core component of the entire system is the RO membrane within the RO system. This membrane allows water molecules and ionized mineral elements to pass through while retaining the vast majority of dissolved inorganic salts (including heavy metals), organic compounds, bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants. This separates permeated pure water from concentrated wastewater, achieving desalination and salt removal from saline water through a physical process without phase change at room temperature. Ultra-thin composite membrane elements achieve desalination rates exceeding 95-99%. The pore size of RO membranes in pure water systems measures just 0.0001 microns, while viruses typically range from 0.02-0.4 microns in diameter and common bacteria from 0.4-1 microns. This enables removal of colloids, organic matter, bacteria, viruses, and other contaminants from water.

Working Principle: Simply put, the reverse osmosis semipermeable membrane contains numerous pores whose size is comparable to that of water molecules. Since bacteria, viruses, most organic pollutants, and hydrated ions are significantly larger than water molecules, they cannot pass through the reverse osmosis semipermeable membrane and are separated from the water that permeates the membrane. Among the many impurities in water, dissolved salts are the most difficult to remove. Therefore, the effectiveness of reverse osmosis water purification is often determined by its desalination rate. The desalination rate of reverse osmosis is primarily determined by the selectivity of the reverse osmosis semi-permeable membrane. Reverse osmosis membrane elements with higher selectivity can achieve desalination rates as high as 99.7%. Pure water preparation process flow: Raw water tower → Raw water pump → Sand filter → Carbon filter → Fine filter → High-pressure pump → RO main unit → Pure water tower → Water usage

Below we explore the functions of each component in the pure water system:

Raw Water Tank: Primarily reduces mechanical failures caused by unstable raw water pressure during pump operation. Ensures adequate water supply to the system, guaranteeing normal operation.

Raw Water Pump: Provides pressurization to the sand filter, carbon filter, and fine filter, ensuring stable and adequate inlet pressure. This boosts water pressure beyond the permeation resistance of the filters, enabling efficient flow through the pretreatment system and supplying sufficient feedwater to the RO system.

Quartz Sand Filter: The quartz sand filter consists of a quartz sand tank (commonly made of fiberglass) filled with 4-8 mesh refined quartz sand. It effectively traps sand, impurities, colloidal substances, and suspended solids in the incoming water, purifying the feedwater quality.

Activated Carbon Filter: The activated carbon filter consists of an activated carbon tank (commonly made of fiberglass) filled with granular activated carbon specifically designed for water purification. It adsorbs pigments, odors, residual chlorine, and organic compounds from the water, reducing residual chlorine content to ≤1 PPM.

Security Filter: Also known as a precision filter, this serves as the final filtration stage before water from pre-treatment (sand filter, carbon filter) enters the reverse osmosis membrane. It houses a 5-micron high-precision melt-blown filter cartridge that removes particles larger than 5 microns, eliminating oil mist, solid particles, and other impurities. The PP cotton filter features high flow capacity, uniform structure, large dirt-holding capacity, low pressure drop, and stable efficiency.

RO Main System: The RO system comprises RO membrane housings and RO membranes. A high-pressure pump applies pressure exceeding osmotic pressure to the filtered water. Utilizing RO membrane separation technology, it effectively removes nearly all types of suspended particles, organic silicone colloids, viruses, bacteria, and organic contaminants with molecular weights greater than 200. It produces pure water with a conductivity ≤10μS (for source water quality ≤200PPM). The surface micropores of RO membranes typically range from 0.5 to 10nm in diameter, effectively retaining substances larger than 0.0001 microns. As the most refined membrane separation product, it delivers highly efficient desalination with a removal rate exceeding 98%.